There is, then, a logical priority about the arrangements, and logic has nothing to do with time. - Anthony Stafford Beer

Hence we may recognize the subject of management cybernetics — which is seen as a rich provider of models for doing OR.

A stochastic process is about the results of convolving probabilities-which is just what management is about, as well.

The development of the Watt governor for steam engines, which adapted the power output of the engine automatically to the load by means of feedback, consolidated the first Industrial Revolution.