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The factors <math>f_lf_if_c</math> should not depend strongly on the evolution of the Galaxy... and so can be regarded as constants. Since the Galaxy… - Frank J. Tipler
" "The factors <math>f_lf_if_c</math> should not depend strongly on the evolution of the Galaxy... and so can be regarded as constants. Since the Galaxy is between 11 and 18 billion years old, the number N of stars older than 5.3 billion years is about twice the number of stars formed after the Sun, and thus approximately equal to the number of stars in the Galaxy, 10<sup>11</sup>. Thus <math>p \leqslant 10^{-11}</math>. If we accept the usual values of <math>f_p=0.1</math> to 1 and <math>n_e = 1</math> found in most discussions... then <math>f_lf_if_c \leqslant 10^{-10}</math>. The number of communicating civilizations now existing in our Galaxy is less than or equal to <math>p</math> x (number of stars in galaxy) = 1; that is to say, us.
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About Frank J. Tipler
(born February 1, 1947) is an American mathematical physicist and cosmologist, holding a joint appointment in the Departments of Mathematics and Physics at Tulane University. Tipler has written books and papers on the based on Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's religious ideas, which he claims is a mechanism for the resurrection of the dead. He is also known for his theories on the (Tipler time machine) and for the , an argument that no intelligent life exists outside of the Solar System. His work has attracted criticism, notably from systems theorist George F. R. Ellis who has argued that his theories are largely pseudoscience.
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Native Name:
Frank Jennings Tipler III
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Frank Jennings Tipler
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Additional quotes by Frank J. Tipler
[T]he eternal life assumption... implies... there must exist in this future (but in two precise mathematical senses, also in the present and the past) a Person Who is simultaneously transcendent to yet immanent in the physical universe of space, time, and matter. In the Person's immanent temporal aspect... changing (forever growing in knowledge and power), but in the... transcendent eternal aspect, forever complete and unchanging. How this comes about as a matter of physics will be described...
I shall provide a physical foundation for eschatology—the study of the ultimate future—by making the physical assumption that the universe must be capable of sustaining life indefinitely... for infinite time... [W]e have to have some theory for the future of the physical universe—since it unquestionably exists— and this is the most beautiful postulate: that total death is not inevitable. All other theories of the future necessarily postulate the ultimate extinction of everything... there is nothing uglier than extermination. We physicists know that a beautiful postulate is more likely to be correct than an ugly one. Why not adopt the Postulate of Eternal Life, at least as a working hypothesis?
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