“On reaching Pakistan [these India trained scholars had to] rewrite their own histories”. [They constructed] “a different past altogether, one that was at variance with their earlier explorations [and began] to search for heroes and martyrs, involve new symbols and traditions, and discover milestones [. . .] for the historical antecedents of Pakistan”.

The issue was not just the defense of Partition, or Independence from Pakistan's vantage point, but a different reading of the past involving, among other things, the rejection of a diverse but vibrant composite-cultural and intellectual legacy.