I maintain, therefore, that just as there is in Cartesianism a methodical idealism, the kind that starts with nosse [knowing], there can be a methodi… - Étienne Gilson

As used today, the word realism means in the first place the opposite to idealism when it claims that it is possible to pass from the subject to the object.

Having expelled quality from the field of extension, [idealists] do not know how to account for it when it reappears in thought.

If there is a single initial error at the root of all the difficulties philosophy is involved in, it can only be the one Descartes committed when he decreed, a priori, that the method of one of the sciences of reality was valid for the whole of reality.