The observation of reduction in complexity in many groups or organisms after a structure has emerged in a full-blown state makes sense in terms of ho… - Jeffrey H. Schwartz

The Bodo skull and the Kaprina and Shanidar Neandertal skeletons raise the possibility that two distinct, non-spaiens species of Homo had had rituals and cultural practices that we have assumed are only within the capacity of members of our own species.

Science, especially evolutionary sciences, can only proceed from learning about theories of hypotheses that do not stand the test of time.

If Walter Garstang's suggestion is correct, and chordates did arise from a tunicate-like form by retaining the chordate features of their larval stage of development into adulthood, then the first chordates must have been affected by a regulatory mutation that kept the Manx gene activated for a longer period of time.