Arguments from authority carry little weight – authorities have made mistakes in the past. They will do so again in the future. Perhaps a better way … - Carl Sagan
" "Arguments from authority carry little weight – authorities have made mistakes in the past. They will do so again in the future. Perhaps a better way to say it is that in science there are no authorities; at most, there are experts.
About Carl Sagan
Carl Edward Sagan (9 November 1934 – 20 December 1996) was an American astronomer, planetary scientist, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, and science communicator. His best known scientific contribution is research on extraterrestrial life, including experimental demonstration of the production of amino acids from basic chemicals by radiation. Sagan assembled the first physical messages sent into space, the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager Golden Record, universal messages that could potentially be understood by any extraterrestrial intelligence that might find them. Sagan argued the hypothesis, accepted since, that the high surface temperatures of Venus can be attributed to, and calculated using, the greenhouse effect. He testified to the US Congress in 1985 that the greenhouse effect will change the earth's climate system.
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Additional quotes by Carl Sagan
La tierra constituye sólo una pequeña fase en medio de la vasta arena cósmica. Pensemos en los ríos de sangre derramada por tantos generales y emperadores con el único fin de convertirse, tras alcanzar el triunfo y la gloria, en dueños momentáneos de una fracción del puntito. Pensemos en las interminables crueldades infligidas por los habitantes de un rincón de ese pixel a los moradores de algún otro rincón, en tantos malentendidos, en la avidez por matarse unos a otros, en el fervor de sus odios.
Nuestros posicionamientos, la importancia que nos auto atribuimos, nuestra errónea creencia de que ocupamos una posición privilegiada en el universo son puestos en tela de juicio por ese pequeño punto de pálida luz. Nuestro planeta no es más que una solitaria mota de polvo en la gran envoltura de la oscuridad cósmica. Y en nuestra oscuridad, en medio de esa inmensidad, no hay ningún indicio de que vaya a llegar ayuda de algún lugar capaz de salvarnos de nosotros mismos.
In general, human societies are not innovative. They are hierarchical and ritualistic. Suggestions for change are greeted with suspicion: they imply an unpleasant future variation in ritual and hierarchy: an exchange of one set of rituals for another, or perhaps for a less structured society with fewer rituals. And yet there are times when societies must change. “The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate for the stormy present” was Abraham Lincoln’s description of this truth. Much of the difficulty in attempting to restructure American and other societies arises from this resistance by groups with vested interests in the status quo. Significant change might require those who are now high in the hierarchy to move downward many steps. This seems to them undesirable and is resisted.