I think both Louis and I were looking for more or less the same thing, and that is, when did our species, Homo, begin? - Richard Leakey

Where Breuil has seen chaos—or at least, randomness—in wall art, Leroi-Gourhan sought and found order.

The first major discovery of prehistoric art was the Spanish cave of Altamira, which, like Lascaux, is one of the most spectacular examples of Upper Paleolithic art yet known.

The question... is whether Upper Paleolithic art bears the telltale signs of Lewis-Williams' three stage neuropsychological model, and could thus be shamanistic art.