There is one alternative to dark matter, and that is the assumption that Newton's laws don't hold over distances as great as galaxies. But we know th… - Vera Rubin

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There is one alternative to dark matter, and that is the assumption that Newton's laws don't hold over distances as great as galaxies. But we know that Newton's laws hold over a very large domain. And virtually one hundred percent of the physics and astronomy community believes that there is matter in the universe that does not radiate.