What is found in biology is <b>mechanisms</b>, mechanisms built with chemical components and that are often modified by other, later, mechanisms adde… - Francis Crick

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What is found in biology is mechanisms, mechanisms built with chemical components and that are often modified by other, later, mechanisms added to the earlier ones. While Occam's razor is a useful tool in the physical sciences, it can be a very dangerous implement in biology. It is thus very rash to use simplicity and elegance as a guide in biological research. While DNA could be claimed to be both simple and elegant, it must be remembered that DNA almost certainly originated fairly close to the origin of life when things were necessarily simple or they would not have got going. Biologists must constantly keep in mind that what they see was not designed, but rather evolved. It might be thought, therefore, that evolutionary arguments would play a large part in guiding biological research, but this is far from the case. It is difficult enough to study what is happening now. To figure out exactly what happened in evolution is even more difficult. Thus evolutionary achievements can be used as hints to suggest possible lines of research, but it is highly dangerous to trust them too much. It is all too easy to make mistaken inferences unless the process involved is already very well understood.

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About Francis Crick

Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was a British physicist, molecular biologist and neuroscientist, most noted for being one of the co-discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953.

Biography information from Wikiquote

Also Known As

Native Name: Francis Harry Compton Crick
Alternative Names: Francis H.C. Crick
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Additional quotes by Francis Crick

I wasn't aware of Chargaff's rules when he said them, but the effect on me was quite electric because I realized immediately that if you had this sort of scheme that John Griffith was proposing, of adenine being paired with thymine, and guanine being paired with cytosine, then you should get Chargaff's rules. I was very excited, but I didn't actually tell Chargaff because it was something I was doing with John Griffith. ... This was very exciting, and we thought "ah ha!" and we realized - I mean what anyone who is familiar with the history of science ought to realize - that when you have one-to-one ratios, it means things go to together. And how on Earth no one pointed out this simple fact in those years, I don't know.

There is no scientific study more vital to man than the study of his own brain. Our entire view of the universe depends on it.

Susan Blackmore: Filozofların rolünden bahsettin, sence filozofların bundaki yeri ne veya bu noktada bugüne kadar nasıl bir rol oynadılar?

Francis Crick: Filozoflarla alakalı bir sürü espri yapılır, burada onları yapmayacağım. İşin özü, filozoflar güzel sorular sorsalar da cevapları gösterecek teknikten yoksunlar. O nedenle tartışmalarına çok da rağbet etmemek lazım. Nasıl bir ilerleme katettiklerini sorarak da cevaplayabiliriz bu soruyu. Örneğin atomun mahiyeti gibi, zamanında felsefi addedilen birçok sorun artık fiziğin bir parçası haline geldi. Bazıları, filozofların esas amacının, çözülemeyen sorunlarla uğraşmak olduğunu öne sürse de, sorunlar nihayetinde çözüme ulaşıyor ve bu da bilimsel bir yolla gerçekleşiyor. Bir filozofun bir sorunu çözmede başarıya ulaştığı kaç tane örnek var diye soracak olursanız, bildiğim kadarıyla hiçbir örnek yok.
Temelde filozofların kullandıkları esas teknik, düşünce deneyidir ve burada sonsuz tartışmalar yürütebilirsiniz. Mesela John Searle'ün Çince odasını ele alalım. Bence burada da aynı dezavantajlar söz konusu. Bu düşünce deneyine göre, yalnızca sentaks işini görebilen bir sistemin semantik işini görmesi mümkün değildir. Bunu söylediğinde artık ileri doğru atılacak bir adım kalmıyor ve zaten herhangi bir şekilde kanıtlamış da olmuyorsun. Bunun tek istisnası iki örnektir ki o da normalde filozof olarak addedilmeyen, filozoflar gibi de düşünmeyen ama eşitlikler ve görsel imgeler üzerinden düşünen biri tarafından, yani Einstein tarafından gerçekleştirildi.

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