...shading is of great importance, and good shadows can best be secured when the sun is low, and when one side of all objects is more strongly lighte… - Arthur Hammond

A photograph can be made with an uncorrected lens, or with no lens at all by making an exposure through a fine needle-hole in a thin metal disc, and the result may be a picture showing the characteristic virtue of photography, the rendering of infinitely delicate gradations of tone. This is where photography stands alone, and this is the distinguishing quality which has given it a place among the fine arts.

Just because a picture is unusually low in tone, it is not necessarily pictorial.

Lines have expression, and by the use of lines alone we can suggest impressions.