In my view all salvation for philosophy may be expected to come from Darwin's theory. - Ludwig Boltzmann

But in actually ing one gram of gas, the ether always flows freely through the walls of the vessel. It comes from the universe, and is not at all in thermal equilibrium with the molecules of the gas. It is true that it always carries off energy, if the outside space is colder than the gas; but this energy may be so small as to be quite negligible in comparison with the energy which the gas loses by heat-conduction, and which must be experimentally determined and subtracted in measuring the specific heat. Only certain transverse s of the ether can transfer sensible energy from one ponderable body to another, and therefore a correction for radiant heat must be applied to observations of specific heats.

<small>Ref: Boltzmann, "Bemerkungen über einige Probleme der mechanischen Warmetheorie," Sitz. ber. der k. Wien. Acad. vol. lxxv. 1877</small>

I pointed out in the second part of my paper... that my Minimum Theorem, as well as the so-called , are only theorems of probability. The Second Law can never be proved mathematically by means of the equations of dynamics alone.