In the modern systems approach, the concept "system" is used not to refer to things in the world but to a particular way of organising our thoughts a… - Mike Jackson

We consider the notion of "system" as an organising concept, before going on to look in detail at various systemic metaphors that may be used as a basis for structuring thinking about organisations and problem situations.

Different methodologies express different rationalities stemming from alternative theoretical positions which they reflect. These alternative positions must be respected, and methodologies and their appropriate theoretical underpinnings developed in partnership.

The classification of a system as complex or simple will depend upon the observer of the system and upon the purpose he has for considering the system.