"Even if we ourselves are not personally scandalized by the notion of other animals as close relatives, even if our age has accommodated to the idea,… - Carl Sagan
"Even if we ourselves are not personally scandalized by the notion of other animals as close relatives, even if our age has accommodated to the idea, the passionate resistance of so many of us, in so many epochs and cultures, and by so many distinguished scholars, must say something important about us. What can we learn about ourselves from an apparent error so widespread, propagated by so many leading philosophers and scientists, both ancient and modern, with such assurance and self-satisfaction?
One of several possible answers: A sharp distinction between humans and "animals" is essential if we are to bend them to our will, make them work for us, wear them, eat them — without any disquieting tinges of guilt or regret. With untroubled consciences, we can render whole species extinct — for our perceived short-term benefit, or even through simple carelessness. Their loss is of little import: Those beings, we tell ourselves, are not like us. An unbridgeable gap gas thus a practical role to play beyond the mere stroking of human egos. Darwin's formulation of this answer was: "Animals whom we have made our slaves, we do not like to consider our equals.
Carl Edward Sagan (9 November 1934 – 20 December 1996) was an American astronomer, planetary scientist, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, and science communicator. His best known scientific contribution is research on extraterrestrial life, including experimental demonstration of the production of amino acids from basic chemicals by radiation. Sagan assembled the first physical messages sent into space, the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager Golden Record, universal messages that could potentially be understood by any extraterrestrial intelligence that might find them. Sagan argued the hypothesis, accepted since, that the high surface temperatures of Venus can be attributed to, and calculated using, the greenhouse effect. He testified to the US Congress in 1985 that the greenhouse effect will change the earth's climate system.
Biography information from
Wikiquote·
Portrait adapted from
Wikimedia Commons, NASA/JPL (Public domain / CC0)
Also Known As
Native Name:
Carl Edward Sagan
Alternative Names:
Sagan
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Carl E. Sagan
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Carl E Sagan
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C. E. Sagan
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C.E. Sagan
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C E Sagan
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C. Sagan
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C Sagan
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Sagan C
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Sagan C.
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Sagan C. E.
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Sagan CE
En el mismo momento en que el hombre descubrió la vastedad del universo y se dio cuenta de que aun sus más disparatadas fantasías eran ínfimas comparadas con la verdadera dimensión de la Vía Láctea, tomó medidas para asegurar que sus descendientes no pudiesen ver las estrellas en lo más mínimo. Durante un millón de años, los humanos se han criado en el contacto diario, personal, con la bóveda celeste. En los últimos milenios comenzaron a construir las ciudades y a emigrar hacia ellas. En el curso de las últimas décadas, gran parte de la población humana abandonó una forma rústica de vida. A medida que avanzaba la tecnología y se contaminaban los centros urbanos, las noches se fueron quedando sin estrellas. Nuevas generaciones alcanzaron la madurez ignorando totalmente el firmamento que había pasmado a sus mayores y estimulado el advenimiento de la era moderna de la ciencia y la tecnología. Sin darse cuenta siquiera, justo cuando la astronomía entraba en su edad de oro, la mayoría de la gente se apartaba del cielo en un aislamiento cósmico que sólo terminó con los albores de la exploración espacial.
The values of science and the values of democracy are concordant, in many cases indistinguishable.
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Some women, it seemed, were entirely without guile and bestowed their affections with hardly a moment's conscious thought. Others set out to implement a campaign of military thoroughness, with branched contingency trees and fallback positions, all to 'catch' a desirable man. The word 'desirable' was the giveaway, she thought. The poor jerk wasn't actually desired, only 'desirable' - a plausible object of desire in the opinion of those others on whose account this whole sorry charade was performed. Most women, she thought, were somewhere in the middle, seeking to reconcile their passions with their perceived long-term advantage.
