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" "In so far as the mind sees things in their eternal aspect, it participates in eternity.
Benedictus de Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677) was a social and metaphysical philosopher known for the elaborate development of his monist philosophy, which has become known as Spinozism. Controversy regarding his ideas led to his excommunication from the Jewish community of his native Amsterdam. He was named Baruch ("blessed" in Hebrew) Spinoza by his synagogue elders and known as Bento de Spinoza or Bento d'Espiñoza, but afterwards used the name Benedictus ("blessed" in Latin) de Spinoza.
Biography information from Wikiquote
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I do not have the professional knowledge to write a scholarly article about Spinoza. But what I think about this man I can express in a few words. Spinoza was the first to apply with strict consistency the idea of an all-pervasive determinism to human thought, feeling, and action. In my opinion, his point of view has not gained general acceptance by all those striving for clarity and logical rigor only because it requires not only consistency of thought, but also unusual integrity, magnamity, and — modesty.
...We know at least since Spinoza that joy and its variant lead to a greater functional perfection, and that sorrow and related effects are unhealthy and should therefore be avoided. But music allows us to feel pain and pleasure simultaneously, both as players, and as listeners. [...] Music to me is sound with thought, and as Spinoza believed that rationality was the saving grace of the human being, then we must learn to look at music like this too.
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تَعوَّد اليهود أن يَنسِبوا إلى الله ما كان يتعدَّى فهْمَهم ويجهلون أسبابه الطبيعية في ذلك العصر، فالعاصفة «غضب الله»، والرعد والصاعقة سهام الله. ويعتقد أنَّ الله يحبِس الرياح في كهوفٍ يُسمُّونها غرفة كنز الله، ويختلفون في هذا الصَّدَد عن الوثنِيِّين؛ لأنهم يجعلون الله وليس أيول مُسيِّر الرياح، وللسبب نفسه سُمِّيت المُعجزات أفعال الله أي أفعالًا تُثير الدهشة، ذلك أنَّ كلَّ الأشياء الطبيعية أفعال الله، وهي لا تحدُث أو تُؤثِّر إلَّا بقدرة الله وحدَها. وهذا ما أراد كاتب المزامير أن يُعبِّر عنه عندما سَمَّى مُعجِزات مصر قُدرات الله؛ لأنَّ هذه المُعجِزات فَتَحت للعبرانيين، وهُم على شفا خطرٍ داهم، طريقًا للخلاص لم يَكونوا يأمُلون فيه، فأثارت إعجابهم الشديد. فإذا قِيل عن أعمال الطبيعة الخارقة للعادة إنها أعمال الله وإذا قِيل عن الأشجار الطويلة التي تزيد في طولها عن المُعتاد أنها أشجار الله، فليس هناك ما يدعو للدهشة عندما يُسمَّى الرجال الطُّوال الأقوياء في سِفر التكوين أبناء الله، حتى ولو كانوا قُطَّاع طُرُق وفَسَقة كفارًا.