Como Adán en el paraíso, - Tzvetan Todorov

Lorsqu’on lui fit élever des murs de protection contre les bombes, il les fit bien droits, solides, avec des briques bien décalées et tout le mortier qu’il fallait, non par obéissance aux ordres, mais par amour-propre professionnel » (Naufragés, 121). C’est pour cette raison qu’est particulièrement avilissant un travail absurde : transporter du sable d’abord à droite, puis à gauche, creuser un trou, ensuite le combler ; il est impossible de faire un tel travail bien, et donc de garder le respect de soi.

Every individual is multicultural; cultures are not monolithic islands but criss-crossed alluvial plains. Individual identity stems from the encounter of multiple collective identities within one and the same person; each of our various affiliations contributes to the formation of the unique creature that we are. Human beings are not all similar, or entirely different; they are all plural within themselves, and share their constitutive traits with very varied groups, combining them in an individual way. The cohabitation of different types of belonging within each one of us does not in general cause any problems- and this ought , in turn, to arouse admiration: like a juggler, we keep all the balls of our identity in the air at once, with the greatest ease!
Individual identity results from the interweaving of several collective identities; it is not alone in this respect. What is the origin of the culture of a human group? The reply- paradoxically- is that it comes from previous cultures. A new culture arises from the encounter between several smaller cultures, or from the decomposition of a bigger culture, or from interaction with neighboring culture. There is never a human life prior to the advent of culture.

igualdad es un principio inquebrantable de la tradición cristiana;