The more recent concern with complex adaptive organization has led to the notion of contingency as the important key. Thus Wiener, while working in t… - Walter F. Buckley

In Deutsch's view, to say that a social system is in equilibrium implies that: 1) it will return to a particular state when disturbed; 2) the disturbance is coming from outside the system; 3) the greater the disturbance the greater the force with which the system will return to its original state; 4) the speed of the system's reaction to disturbance is somehow less relevant — a sort of friction, or blemish having no place in the "ideal" equilibrium; 5) no catastrophe can happen within the system.

"information" is not a substance or concrete entity but rather a relationship between sets or ensembles of structured variety.

# The study of relations rather than "entities" with an emphasis on process and transition probabilities as the basis of a flexible structure of many degrees of freedom.