CAUSA (causa) Todo lo que existe se relaciona causalmente, de manera que este vínculo constante permite hablar de «orden y conexión» (E2P7), de leyes… - Benedictus de Spinoza
" "CAUSA (causa) Todo lo que existe se relaciona causalmente, de manera que este vínculo constante permite hablar de «orden y conexión» (E2P7), de leyes naturales, etc., por contraste con lo que sería el caos o la excepción sobrenatural (el milagro). Como ya afirmó la tradición y la ciencia moderna lleva al límite, la inteligibilidad de lo real descansa en el conocimiento de los efectos por las causas (TIE 85, E1Ax4), lo que se resume en el adagio causa sive ratio o dar razón causal de algo. Hay que partir de lo que es causa de sí (Dios) y comprender desde ahí las secuencias productoras (E1Def1, P16, P18, P28) que eliminan la contingencia y la indeterminación (E1P27 y P29). Ahora bien, a menudo no es posible conocer la concatenación causal de la realidad a escala microfísica, lo que abre la puerta a la consideración — en la vida cotidiana — de las cosas «como si» fueran posibles.
About Benedictus de Spinoza
Benedictus de Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677) was a social and metaphysical philosopher known for the elaborate development of his monist philosophy, which has become known as Spinozism. Controversy regarding his ideas led to his excommunication from the Jewish community of his native Amsterdam. He was named Baruch ("blessed" in Hebrew) Spinoza by his synagogue elders and known as Bento de Spinoza or Bento d'Espiñoza, but afterwards used the name Benedictus ("blessed" in Latin) de Spinoza.
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Additional quotes by Benedictus de Spinoza
Those who are in ideology believe themselves by definition outside ideology: one of the effects of ideology is the practical denegation of the ideological character of ideology by ideology: ideology never says, ‘I am ideological’. It is necessary to be outside ideology, i.e. in scientific knowledge, to be able to say: I am in ideology (a quite exceptional case) or (the general case): I was in ideology. As is well known, the accusation of being in ideology only applies to others, never to oneself (unless one is really a Spinozist or a Marxist, which, in this matter, is to be exactly the same thing). Which amounts to saying that ideology has no outside (for itself), but at the same time that it is nothing but outside (for science and reality). Spinoza explained this completely two centuries before Marx, who practiced it but without explaining it in detail.
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We can conceive of various kinds of democracy. But my intention is not to treat of every kind, but of that only, "wherein all, without exception, who owe allegiance to the laws of the country only, and are further independent and of respectable life, have the right of voting in the supreme council and of filling the offices of the dominion."