The question is how our own meanings are related to those of the universe as a whole. We could say that our action toward the whole universe is a res… - David Bohm

Fragmentation is therefore an attitude of mind which disposes the mind to regard divisions between things as absolute and final, rather than as ways of thinking that have only a relative and limited range of usefulness and validity. It leads therefore to a general tendency to break up things in an irrelevant and inappropriate way according to how we think. And so it is evidently and inherently destructive. For example, though all parts of mankind are fundamentally interdependent and interrelated, the primary and overriding kind of significance given to the distinctions between people, family, profession, nation, race, religion, ideology, and so on, is preventing human beings from working together for the common good, or even for survival. When man thinks of himself in this fragmentary way, he will inevitably tend to see himself first — his own person, his own group — he can’t seriously think of himself as internally related to the whole of mankind and therefore to all other people.

as time passes, unsolved problems within a given paradigm tend to accumulate and to lead to ever-increasing confusion and conflict. Eventually some scientists, who are generally spoken of as geniuses, propose fundamentally new ideas and a “scientific revolution” results. In turn, these new ideas eventually form the basis of a new paradigm, and sooner or later, this rigidifies into “normal” science. In this way the cycle of revolution and “normal” science continues indefinitely.

it has always been both necessary and proper for man, in his thinking, to divide things up, and to separate them, so as to reduce his problems to manageable proportions; for evidently, if in our practical technical work we tried to deal with the whole of reality all at once, we would be swamped. So, in certain ways, the creation of special subjects of study and the division of labour was an important step forward.