The formation of society serves not only for defensive purposes, but is also very useful, and, indeed, absolutely necessary, as rendering possible th… - Benedictus de Spinoza
" "The formation of society serves not only for defensive purposes, but is also very useful, and, indeed, absolutely necessary, as rendering possible the division of labor. If men did not render mutual assistance to each other, no one would have either the skill or the time to provide for his own sustenance and preservation: for all men are not equally apt for all work, and no one would be capable of preparing all that he individually stood in need of. Strength and time, I repeat, would fail, if every one had in person to plow, to sow, to reap, to grind corn, to cook, to weave, to stitch and perform the other numerous functions required to keep life going; to say nothing of the arts and sciences which are also entirely necessary to the perfection and blessedness of human nature.
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About Benedictus de Spinoza
Benedictus de Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677) was a social and metaphysical philosopher known for the elaborate development of his monist philosophy, which has become known as Spinozism. Controversy regarding his ideas led to his excommunication from the Jewish community of his native Amsterdam. He was named Baruch ("blessed" in Hebrew) Spinoza by his synagogue elders and known as Bento de Spinoza or Bento d'Espiñoza, but afterwards used the name Benedictus ("blessed" in Latin) de Spinoza.
Biography information from Wikiquote
Also Known As
Native Name:
בָּרוּךְ שְׂפִּינוֹזָה
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Benedito de Espinosa
Alternative Names:
Benedict de Spinoza
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Baruch de Espinosa
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Barukh Shpinozah
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Benoît de Spinoza
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Sbīnūzā
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Ispīnūzā
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Barukh Spinoza
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Bento de Espinosa
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Baruch d' Espinoza
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Shpinozah
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Baruch de Spinoza
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Spinoza
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Benoit de Spinoza
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Benedictus De Spinoza
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Benedictus Spinoza
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Baruch Spinoza
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Baruch Benedictus de Spinoza
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Additional quotes by Benedictus de Spinoza
Concluí, assim, tudo o que desejava apresentar sobre o poder da mente sobre as emoções e a liberdade da mente. Daí resulta quão potente é o homem sábio e quanto ele supera o homem ignorante que é movido apenas por seus desejos e paixões.
Pois o homem ignorante não é apenas distraído de várias maneiras por causas externas sem nunca obter a verdadeira aquiescência de seu espírito, mas sobretudo vive, por assim dizer, inconscientes de si mesmo e de Deus e das coisas, e assim que cessa de sofrer, cessa também de ser:
Enquanto que o homem sábio, na medida em que é considerado como tal, dificilmente é perturbado no espírito, mas, sendo consciente de si mesmo e de Deus e das coisas, por uma certa necessidade eterna, nunca deixa de ser, mas sempre possui a verdadeira aquiescência de seu espírito.
Se o resultado que indico parece excessivamente difícil, pode, no entanto, ser descoberto. Meditações devem ser difíceis, visto que raramente são encontradas. Como seria possível, se a salvação estivesse disponível em nossas mãos, e pudesse ser encontrada sem grande esforço, que fosse negligenciada por quase todos os homens? Mas todas as coisas excelentes são tão difíceis quanto raras.
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As I leave the churchyard, my thoughts turn to the bizarre significance of this burial site. Why is Spinoza, who was born a Jew, buried next to this powerful Protestant church? The answer is as complicated as anything else having to do with Spinoza. He is buried here, perhaps, because having been expelled by his fellow Jews he could be seen as Christian by default; he certainly could not have been buried in the Jewish cemetery at Ouderkerk. But he is not really here, perhaps because he never became a proper Christian, Protestant or Catholic, and in the eyes of many he was an atheist. And how fitting it all is. Spinoza's God was neither Jewish nor Christian. Spinoza's God was everywhere, could not be spoken to, did not respond if prayed to, was very much in every particle of the universe, without beginning and without end. Buried and unburied, Jewish and not. Portugese but not really, Dutch but not quite, Spinoza belonged nowhere and everywhere.
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