samurai (1659-1719)
Yamamoto Tsunetomo (12 June 1659 – 1719) was a samurai of the Saga Domain in Hizen Province under his lord Nabeshima Mitsushige. He was famous for his sayings in Hagakure [In the Shadow of Leaves], a controversial exposition of his views on Bushido (the "Way of the Warrior"). He is also known as Yamamoto Jocho, the name he took after becoming a monk.
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Kai tavo protas blaškosi tai šen, tai ten, apmąstymai niekuomet nevirs teisingomis išvadomis. Tik būdamas tvirtos, skaisčios ir nemirtingos dvasios žmogus įstengs protingai nuspręsti įkvėpęs ir iškvėpęs septynis kartus. Tačiau tam jis privalo būti ryžtingas ir pasirengęs nušluoti visa savam kelyje.
To give a person one's opinion and correct his faults is an important thing. It is compassionate and comes first in matters of service. But the way of doing this is extremely difficult. To discover the good and bad points of a person is an easy thing, and to give an opinion concerning them is easy, too. For the most part, people think that they are being kind by saying the things that others find distasteful or difficult to say. But if it is not received well, they think that there is nothing more to be done. This is completely worthless. It is the same as bringing shame to a person by slandering him. It is nothing more than getting it off one's chest. To give a person an opinion one must first judge well whether that person is of the disposition to receive it or not. One must become close with him and make sure that he continually trusts one's word. Approaching subjects that are dear to him, seek the best way to speak and to be well understood. Judge the occasion, and determine whether it is better by letter or at the time of leave-taking. Praise his good points and use every device to encourage him, perhaps by talking about one's own faults without touching on his, but so that they will occur to him. Have him receive this in the way that a man would drink water when his throat is dry, and it will be an opinion that will correct faults. This is extremely difficult. If a person's fault is a habit of some years prior, by and large it won't be remedied. I have had this experience myself. To be intimate with all one's comrades, correcting each other's faults, and being of one mind to be of use to the master is the great compassion of a retainer. By bringing shame to a person, how could one expect to make him a better man?
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...si es diligente en su servicio y se perfecciona en las artes militares, no se cubrirá jamás de vergüenza. Pero si se dedica a hacer egoístamente lo que le plazca, en caso de crisis se deshonrará. Incluso, no será jamás consciente de su deshonra. Si nada le importa, excepto el hecho de no estar en peligro y de sentirse feliz, se descuidará de una manera completamente lamentable.
Learning is a good thing, but more often it leads to mistakes. It is like the admonition of the priest Konan. It is worthwhile just looking at the deeds of accomplished persons for the purpose of knowing our own insufficiencies. But often this does not happen. For the most part, we admire our own opinions and become fond of arguing.