Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago (1907–1986)
Mircea Eliade (13 March 1907 {O.S. 28 February} – 22 April 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago. His most enduring and influential contribution to religious studies was possibly his theory of Eternal Return, which holds that myths and rituals do not simply record or imitate hierophanies, but, at least to the minds of the religious, actually participate in them.
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Dna Moscu îi privise tot timpul zâmbind, parcă s-ar fi rugat să fie iertată că nu ia parte la discuție. Bănuiește cât de interesantă, savantă, instructivă, dar e prea obosită ca s-o urmărească. Doamna Moscu, firește, nu auzise niciun cuvânt; sunetele trecuseră alături de urechile ei, fără rezistențe, fără urme.
Cea dintâi și singura esențială datorie a omului este caritatea, adică o neobosită justificare a bucuriei existenței. A face din viața și cunoașterea ta o permanentă bucurie – în pofida tuturor mizeriilor, și întunecimilor, și păcatelor, și neputințelor, și deznădejdilor – iată o datorie cu adevărat virilă, o datorie a omului și a datoriei din tine.
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Perhaps never before in history has the artist been so certain that the more daring, iconoclastic, absurd, and inaccessible he is, the more he will be recognized, praised, spoiled, idolatrized. In some countries the result has even been an academicism in reverse, the academicism of the “avant-garde” - to such a point that any artistic experience that makes no concessions to this new conformism is in danger of being stifled or ignored.
The majority of initiatory ordeals more or less clearly imply a ritual death followed by resurrection or a new birth. The central moment of every initiation is represented by the ceremony symbolizing the death of the novice and his return to the fellowship of the living. But he returns to life a new man, assuming another mode of being. Initiatory death signifies the end at once of childhood, ignorance, and the profane condition.
Symbolic thinking is not the exclusive privilege of the child, of the poet or of the unbalanced mind: it is consubstantial with human existence, it comes before language and discursive reason. The symbol reveals certain aspects of reality – the deepest aspects – which defy any other means of knowledge. Images, symbols and myths are not irresponsible creations of the psyche; they respond to a need and fulfil a function, that of bringing to light the hidden modalities of being.
Caci asta mi se pare lucrul cel mai greu de invatat in contemplarea iubitei: sa stii cum sa-i privesti ochii. Uneori, privirile noastre lovesc atat de nepriceput oglinda ochilor iubitei , incat o tulbura, aburind-o; sau, si mai grav, fac ochii opaci, le dau un luciu de teracota, de smalt colorat. Si sunt, de asemenea, priviri crancene, care smulg retina sau o patrund salbatic, sangerand-o, sau o intuneca..,
"Yet it is worth noting that in this example we never witness a complete desacralization of the world, for in the Far East what is called the "esthetic emotion" still retains a religious dimension, even among intellectuals. But the example of the miniature gardens shows us in what direction and by what means the desacralization of the world is accomplished. We need only imagine what an esthetic emotion of this sort could become in a modern society, and we shall understand how the experience of cosmic sanctity can be rarefied and transformed until it becomes a purely human emotion — that, for example, of art for art's sake."
În literatură, oamenii elementari, cu pasiuni puternice, dominați de un singur viciu sau oarecum maniaci, par vii și autentici. Ceilalți, mai ales oamenii buni, blânzi, inteligenți și, în primul rând, oamenii preocupați de probleme morale, par fazi, fără contur, lipsiți de personalitate. În fond, literar vorbind, sunt neinteresanți.